Partricians and Plebians

In your own words, what were the main differences between Roman patricians and plebeians? What were the Greek versions of patricians and plebeians?

Roman patricians are the wealthy landowner who held most of the power in the Roman republic. Roman plebeians are the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up most of the Roman population. Roman patricians and plebeians were different because patricians inherited their power and rights, while plebeians had to fight for rights over time. Plebeians could vote like the patricians, but couldn't hold important government positions. Patrician officials were so unfair to the plebeians that Roman leaders allowed plebeians to form their own assembly with elected leaders to protect their rights. Plebeians forced the creation of a written law of code, so patricians couldn't interpret the laws the way they wanted to. Basically patricians had most of the political power, but plebeians fought back and gained more power over time. The Greek version of patricians are artisans and the Greek version of plebeians are the middle-class.

Ancient Rome important definitions

• Republic - A form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.
• Patrician - The wealthy landowners who held most of the power in the early republic of Rome.
• Plebeian - The common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population.
• Tribune - Representatives who protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials. 
• Consul - Two officials who commanded the army and directed the government, but had limited power.
• Senate - The aristocratic branch of Rome's government that exercised great influence over both foreign and domestic policy. 
• Dictator - A leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army.
• Legion - A large military unit.
• Punic Wars - Three wars fought between Rome and Carthage.
• Hannibal - A brilliant military strategist and general who wanted to avenge Carthage's earlier defeat in the Punic Wars.

Essay Layout

My essay question is "Describe the evolution of democracy in ancient Greece and how it is seen today's world". The first paragraph would start out by defining what a democracy is and talking about how Ancient Greece was ruled before democracy. The second paragraph would be about Draco, Solon, and Cleisthenes who started laying down the roots of the first democracy. The third paragraph would be about Pericles and how he created the first direct democracy. The fourth paragraph would talk about how the roots of Ancient Greek democracy are still seen in todays world in many countries. The last paragraph would conclude the history of how democracy was created in Ancient Greece and why democracy is important today.

5 Objective Questions

1. Which Athenian leader created the first direct democracy?
     a. Cleisthenes
     b. Draco
     c. Solon
     d. Pericles

2. Who was Phillip the II?
     a. King of Persia
     b. Ruler of Athens
     c. King of Macedonia
     d. Ruler of Sparta

3. Which of the below is the god/goddess of grain, harvest, and agriculture?
     a. Artemis
     b. Demeter
     c. Dionysus
     d. Apollo

4. Who said "The unexamined life is not worth living"?
     a. Plato
     b. Aristotle
     c. Socrates
     d. Alexander the Great

5. (Spelling counts) Alexander the Great always rode _____________ into war with him.

Answer: Bucephalus 

Plato's worst ideas

1) How did Plato define The Forms?
Plato defined The Forms as the ideal versions of the things and concepts we see around us. These Forms serve as an instruction manual to our world. Plato wanted other philosophers to think about and try to understand the perfect forms, so they could help navigate our misleading reality.



2) Who are the three groups in Plato’s ideal society?
The three groups in Plato's ideal society are the producers, the military, and the rulers. Plato thought a great Noble Lie would be able to convince everyone to follow his structure.




3) What were Plato’s thoughts on women?
Plato thought that women could be rulers in his ideal city, but he also thought of them as children. Plato also thought that a womb was a live animal that would wonder around in a women's body and cause illness.



4) What was the Noble Lie that Plato proposed?
The Noble Lie Plato proposed was that we are all born gold, silver, or a mixture of brass and iron in our souls ;which determine our roles in life. Some people credit the Noble Lie as a prototype for 20th century propaganda, and the philosopher king as inspiration for the dictators that used them.

Pericles Rhyme

Pericles ruled during the Golden Age. His ways of ruling were all the rage. Him and Athenian citizens were on the same page about democracy and making a stage! Pericles ruled from 461 to 429 B.C.  because ruling to him was a cup of tea. Pericles increased the number of public officials who were paid so Athenian citizens could hold the job as an upgrade. Pericles introduced a direct democracy which fulfilled Cleisthenes' prophecy. The direct democracy is where citizens rule directly, which was big part of Pericles' legacy. Pericles used the Delian League cash to create a strong navy that would make a big splash. Athenians started to rule the seas because they sailed, traded, and couldn't be ceased. Pericles wanted to create lots of art and architecture that would later define ancient Greek culture. The Greeks created structures that took a lot of heart but it was worth it because it became the start of classical art. The Parthenon is one of Pericles' big achievements, and that is why we still learn about it as students. Pericles wanted to start doing drama which I still watch today with my momma. The Greeks wrote tragedies and comedies based on lots of funny and sad different stories. Athens started to grow in power which is what Sparta wanted to devour. This started the Peloponnesian War which no one in Greece could ignore. Pericles decided to keep everyone in Athens's walls so they could be safe from Sparta's calls. The second year of war a disease spread in Athens and you will never guess what happens!!! Pericles died of the disease in 429 B.C. and the people of Athens started to disagree. Thousands of people in Athens started to die, and citizens started to testify for rule of the sick pigsty. Even though in Athens disaster was on the loose, in 415 B.C. there was a truce.

Classic Greek Architecture

The Erechtheion is a marble temple that was built above the city of Athens in around 421 through 406 B.C. It was built to honor Athena and Poseidon, and to house a statue of Athena. The temple was named after Athenian king Erechtheion, who ruled at the start of the Golden Ages. There were many delays in it's construction because of conflicts between Athens and Sparta. The building in not symmetrical because it was built on uneven foundation.

 

The Temple of Olympian Zeus or the Olympian is a temple that was dedicated the Zeus. The temple is located in the ancient religious site of Olympia and was one of the largest structures of the ancient world. It's construction was first started in 174 B.C. and finally complete by Roman emperor Hadrian in 131 CE. The Athenian tyrant Peisistratus the Younger planned to build a much bigger Doric temple at the site in 515 B.C., but the architects only got to build the limestone base before another tyrant took Peisistratus' place and stopped the project. Only 15 of the temple's columns are still standing.

Greek Theatre!!!!!

1. The Greeks performed dramas called tragedies and comedies. A tragedy was a serious drama that usually ended with a main character or hero dying. Tragedies had themes like love, hate, war, or betrayal. The hero of the story usually had something special about them, like supernatural powers, and died from their own tragic flaw. Tragic flaw is a character defect that leads to the death of the hero. The three main Greeks that wrote these tragedies were Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. A comedy was filled with slapstick situations and crude humor. The Greeks who wrote comedies usually made fun of politics, respected people, and ideas of the time through their play. Athenians could listen to criticism of themselves in these comedies, which shows how the freedom of public discussion and speech existed at that time. Aristophanes was the first playwright to write comedies.

2. Last year I did a production of the Wizard of Oz at my old school. My production resembled ancient Greek productions because they both used costumes, sets, and masks to bring their stories to life. Both ancient Greece productions and my production had singing and dancing. My production was most like an ancient Greek comedy because it had humor and some slapstick situations. Like ancient Greek productions, the production I did had multiple themes and lesson it was trying the teach the audience. Ancient Greek productions and my productions are similar because the origin of present-day theatre comes from the Greeks.

3.

This picture shows the Great Theatre of Epidaurus. The theatre was first built in 340 B.C. by the architect Polykleitos the Younger, from Argos. Plays can still be seen there today because of how well it was built and it's amazing acoustics. It is known as the most preserved theatre from ancient Greece. It has a capacity of 13,000 spectators, and is split into two parts to separate citizens from priests and rulers.